@book{Munoz2016,
title = {Managing glacier related risks disaster in the chucchún catchment, cordillera blanca, Peru},
author = {R Muñoz and C Gonzales and K Price and A Rosario and C Huggel and H Frey and J García and A Cochachín and C Portocarrero and L Mesa},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85014079751&doi=10.1007%2f978-3-319-40773-9_4&partnerID=40&md5=44bde934ea299d29cc70be36f80e6091},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-40773-9_4},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Climate Change Adaptation Strategies - An Upstream-downstream Perspective},
pages = {59-78},
abstract = {Glacial lakes hazards have been a constant factor in the population of the Cordillera Blanca due their potential to generate glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs), which can be increased by the effects of climate change. In past decades, the UGRH (Glaciology and Water Resource Unit) successful implemented security infrastructure, however, events like the GLOF of April 11 in Carhuaz highlighted the need to implement new risk management strategies. In response, the Glaciares Project has been carried out to implement three strategies to reduce risks in the Chucchún catchment through: (1) Knowledge generation, (2) building technical and institutional capacities and, (3) the institutionalization of risk management. Strategies focused on strengthening the Municipality of Carhuaz, the Civil Defense Platform and its members, leading to an improvement of risk management and being based under Peruvian laws. As a result, both the authorities and the population have improved their resilience to respond to the occurrence of GLOF. This chapter will discuss and analyze the strategies and actions implemented under the Glaciares Project to build a model of glacier related risk management and climate change adaptation. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016.},
note = {cited By 3},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}

@book{Allen2016b,
title = {Current and future glacial lake outburst flood hazard: Application of GIS-based modeling in Himachal Pradesh, India},
author = {S K Allen and A Linsbauer and C Huggel and S S Randhawa and Y Schaub and M Stoffel},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85017065325&doi=10.1007%2f978-3-319-28977-9_10&partnerID=40&md5=27cc094dd381381911d47a0567d0ab30},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-28977-9_10},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
booktitle = {Climate Change, Glacier Response, and Vegetation Dynamics in the Himalaya},
journal = {Climate Change, Glacier Response, and Vegetation Dynamics in the Himalaya: Contributions Toward Future Earth Initiatives},
pages = {181-203},
publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
address = {Cham},
abstract = {Most studies concerning the hazard from glacial lake outburst floods have focused on the threat from lakes that have formed over the past century, some of which have demonstrated significant growth in response to recent warming of the climate system. However, attention is shifting toward the anticipation of future hazard and risk associated with new lakes that will develop as glaciers continue to retreat and water accumulates within depressions in the exposed bed topography. Using the Indian Himalayan state of Himachal Pradesh as a case study, this chapter provides both a review and implementation of modern approaches to assess current and future glacier lake outburst flood hazard over large spatial scales. Across Himachal Pradesh, the formation of new lakes over the next decades will lead to a minimum two- to threefold increase in land area affected by potential lake outburst floods in several districts. Generally the potential increase in glacial lake outburst flood frequency is demonstrated to be even greater, owing to the heightened opportunity for ice or rock avalanches to impact into larger and more numerous glacial lakes. Methods described herein allow early anticipation of future threats, providing a scientific basis for sound adaptation and planning responses. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016.},
note = {cited By 1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}

@book{Carey2015,
title = {Synthesis and conclusions:The future of high-mountain cryospheric research},
author = {M Carey and C Huggel and J J Clague and A Kääb},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84953333180&doi=10.1017%2fCBO9781107588653.018&partnerID=40&md5=153bfb2aa5dbd8e57ffaecb0c90a8100},
doi = {10.1017/CBO9781107588653.018},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {The High-Mountain Cryosphere: Environmental Changes and Human Risks},
pages = {339-353},
abstract = {Ice is an incredibly complex substance – magical in some ways, deadly in others, but always difficult to study and understand. As Mariana Gosnell explains It is more brittle than glass. It can flow like molasses. It can support the weight of a C-5A transport plane. A child hopping on one leg can break through it. It can last 20,000 years. It can vanish in seconds. It can carve granite. It can trace the line of a windowpane scratch. It can kill peach buds. It can preserve mammoths for centuries, peas for months, human hearts for hours. [1] Beyond its incredible physical properties, ice plays a central role in societies world-wide. Millions of people live in mountainous areas, and hundreds of millions more depend on mountain resources such as water from glaciers and gold, silver, and other minerals from icy environments. Others utilize mountainous terrain for activities such as tourism and recreation. Some define national and regional identities based on the nearby mountains. In high-mountain regions, where people live close to glaciers, they depend on snowmelt for water and energy, they carry out pilgrimages to venerated glacier-encased peaks, they ski and hike, or suffer the consequences when permafrost thaws and slopes become more unstable. For scientists, glaciers represent key laboratories for climate knowledge, with ice cores providing detailed climatic data going back 800 000 years [2,3]. Global change and high-mountain hazards are altering – and in many cases threatening, as this book has illustrated – these and many other high-mountain activities, livelihoods, cultural values, and economies that influence numerous stakeholders within and beyond mountains. Climate change has also transformed glaciers into key icons of global warming: they represent clear and visible signs of the biophysical impacts of climate change and the cultural consequences for societies at high elevations and high latitudes [4–6]. These consequences can be catastrophic, not simply symbolic. The possibility of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) and the loss of glacier runoff for water supplies are tangible results of global climate change that generate significant risks for high-mountain populations. Additionally, ice-clad volcanoes can produce deadly lahars, while ice-related debris flows, erosion from thawing permafrost, snow avalanches, and unconsolidated sediment pose risks to people in mountains on every continent except Australia. © Cambridge University Press 2015.},
note = {cited By 2},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}

@book{Huggel2015c,
title = {Introduction: Human–environment dynamics in the high–mountain cryosphere},
author = {C Huggel and M Carey and J J Clague and A Kääb},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84953245016&doi=10.1017%2fCBO9781107588653.001&partnerID=40&md5=8527a43bff00d0bacf265383b77e82cb},
doi = {10.1017/CBO9781107588653.001},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {The High-Mountain Cryosphere: Environmental Changes and Human Risks},
pages = {1-6},
abstract = {Recent global-scale assessments such as the 5th Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have provided evidence of the rapid changes to the high-mountain cryosphere due to climate change [1,2]. Glaciers, recognized as indicators or ‘thermometers’ of climate change, have been receding worldwide over the past century, and many glaciers are likely to disappear over the next several decades, leaving behind historically unprecedented landscapes. High mountains are commonly thought of as being remote, but human interactions with this environment are essential for many societies, and rapid biophysical changes can cause societal transformations. The natural alpine environment, its human dimensions, and their interplay are increasingly being documented. Observation technologies have improved, times series of observations have become longer, and the number of monitoring sites has increased, all of which have increased our understanding of regional changes to the high-mountain cryosphere. Similarly, more research is being conducted on how local people perceive the cryosphere and high mountains, how physical changes affect their livelihoods, and how they respond to such changes. Nevertheless, there are still substantial gaps in our understanding. For example, until recently regional and local glacier changes in the Himalayas had not been adequately studied, and ground observations there are scarce [3]. In many regions we still lack a comprehensive understanding of how climate and cryosphere changes will affect water resources, slope stability, and vegetation. The most substantial gaps in knowledge, however, are in the human dimensions. The framing of research on cyrospheric change has been around ice and water itself, with little attention to how people perceive, feel, or value those changes, or how distinct social groups living near or far from glaciers are affected by changes to glaciers, snow, and permafrost. Also, the ways in which human activities affect the high-mountain cryosphere, for instance mining, hydropower development, and tourism, have not been well documented. To understand these dynamic intersections between people and the cryosphere, it is crucial to integrate disciplines, to talk across boundaries, and to embrace concepts and methods applicable to coupled natural–human and social–ecological systems. © Cambridge University Press 2015.},
note = {cited By 4},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}

@book{Huggel2015d,
title = {The high-mountain cryosphere: Environmental changes and human risks},
author = {C Huggel and M Carey and J J Clague and A Kääb},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84953216370&doi=10.1017%2fCBO9781107588653&partnerID=40&md5=4727f1dd03a1fc8809c992e6a5d385b6},
doi = {10.1017/CBO9781107588653},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {The High-Mountain Cryosphere: Environmental Changes and Human Risks},
pages = {1-371},
abstract = {This edited volume, showcasing cutting-edge research, addresses two primary questions - what are the main drivers of change in high-mountains and what are the risks implied by these changes? From a physical perspective, it examines the complex interplay between climate and the high-mountain cryosphere, with further chapters covering tectonics, volcano—ice interactions, hydrology, slope stability, erosion, ecosystems, and glacier- and snow-related hazards. Societal dimensions, both global and local, of high-mountain cryospheric change are also explored. The book offers unique perspectives on high-mountain cultures, livelihoods, governance and natural resources management, focusing on how global change influences societies and how people respond to climate-induced cryospheric changes. An invaluable reference for researchers and professionals in cryospheric science, geomorphology, climatology, environmental studies and human geography, this volume will also be of interest to practitioners working in global change and risk, including NGOs and policy advisors. © Cambridge University Press 2015.},
note = {cited By 6},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}

@book{Carey2015a,
title = {Integrated Approaches to Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction in Dynamic Socio-cryospheric Systems},
author = {M Carey and G McDowell and C Huggel and J Jackson and C Portocarrero and J M Reynolds and L Vicuña},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84942105307&doi=10.1016%2fB978-0-12-394849-6.00008-1&partnerID=40&md5=e89753890a53c27c35c7ffc5bce44e4c},
doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-394849-6.00008-1},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Snow and Ice-Related Hazards, Risks, and Disasters},
pages = {219-261},
abstract = {Cryospheric hazards in mountain ranges, at high latitudes, and around ice-covered volcanoes can adversely affect people by generating disasters such as glacial lake outburst floods, rock-ice landslides, lahars, and iceberg instability, as well as risks related to glacier runoff variability. These dangers are not simply biophysical; rather they are environmental events embedded within dynamic socioecological systems. To recognize the specific social and biophysical elements of cryospheric risks and hazards, in particular, this chapter introduces the concept of the socio-cryospheric system. To improve adaptive capacity and effectively grapple with diverse risks and hazards in socio-cryospheric systems, integrated approaches that span the natural sciences, engineering and planning, and the social sciences are needed. The approach outlined here involves three elements: (1) understanding cryospheric risks and hazards through scientific investigation and the accumulation of environmental knowledge regarding the biophysical basis of the hazardous stimuli; (2) preventing the natural events from occurring through risk management and engineering strategies; and (3) reducing susceptibility to harm by addressing the socioeconomic, political, and cultural factors that influence vulnerability to risks, hazards, and disasters. This chapter analyzes several case studies of particular hazards (in particular places), including glacier and glacial lake hazards in Peru (Cordillera Blanca and Santa Teresa) and Nepal; volcano-ice hazards in Colombia and Iceland, glacier runoff and melt water-related hazards in Nepal and Peru; and coastal hazards in Greenland. These case studies help illustrate achievements and limitations of the three-pronged approach to adaptation, while. revealing opportunities for greater symbiosis among scientific/knowledge-based, risk management/engineering-based, and vulnerability-based approaches to adaptation and disaster risk reduction in socio-cryospheric systems. © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
note = {cited By 19},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}

@book{Harrison2015,
title = {Glacier Surges},
author = {W D Harrison and G B Osipova and G A Nosenko and L Espizua and A Kääb and L Fischer and C Huggel and P A Craw Burns and M Truffer and A W Lai},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84942101652&doi=10.1016%2fB978-0-12-394849-6.00013-5&partnerID=40&md5=bbfdd9ff870f54a048e02b06999469e3},
doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-394849-6.00013-5},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Snow and Ice-Related Hazards, Risks, and Disasters},
pages = {437-485},
abstract = {Surge-type glaciers periodically undergo large flow acceleration after extended quiescent phases of slow movement, usually accompanied by terminus advance. Such glaciers are relatively rare but occur in many of the world's glacierized areas. High water pressures and extreme basal sliding are obvious characteristics but key questions concerning this, usually spectacular phenomenon, remain open. Why are glaciers in some regions surge-type but not in others, what sort of "memory" lets glaciers surge again and again, what is the influence of climate, geology, and topography? Besides their scientific interest, glacier surges can also be a threat to humans, especially in connection with rapidly forming lakes and their sudden outbursts. Cases of hazard- and disaster-related glacier surges are described from the Pamirs, the Andes, the Italian Alps, and Alaska. © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
note = {cited By 11},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}

@book{Cramer2015,
title = {Detection and attribution of observed impacts},
author = {W Cramer and G W Yohe and M Auffhammer and C Huggel and U Molau and M A F Da Silva Dias and A Solow and D A Stone and L Tibig and R Leemans and B Seguin and N Smith and G Hansen},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85015463290&doi=10.1017%2fCBO9781107415379.023&partnerID=40&md5=3a5047a4dff9590d4e73f2c5965a66f3},
doi = {10.1017/CBO9781107415379.023},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Climate Change 2014 Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects},
pages = {979-1038},
abstract = {Introduction This chapter synthesizes the scientific literature on the detection and attribution of observed changes in natural and human systems in response to observed recent climate change. For policy makers and the public, detection and attribution of observed impacts will be a key element to determine the necessity and degree of mitigation and adaptation efforts. For most natural and essentially all human systems, climate is only one of many drivers that cause change-other factors such as technological innovation, social and demographic changes, and environmental degradation frequently play an important role as well. Careful accounting of the importance of these and other confounding factors is therefore an important part of the analysis. At any given location, observed recent climate change has happened as a result of a combination of natural, longer term fluctuations and anthropogenic alteration of forcings. To inform about the sensitivity of natural and human systems to ongoing climate change, the chapter assesses the degree to which detected changes in such systems can be attributed to all aspects of recent climate change. For the development of adaptation policies, it is less important whether the observed changes have been caused by anthropogenic climate change or by natural climate fluctuations. Where possible, the relative importance of anthropogenic drivers of climate change is assessed as well. 18.1.1. Scope and Goals of the Chapter Previous assessments, notably in the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4; Rosenzweig et al., 2007), indicated that numerous physical and biological systems are affected by recent climate change. Owing to a limited number of published studies, human systems received comparatively little attention in these assessments, with the exception of the food system, which is a coupled human-natural system. This knowledge base is growing rapidly, for all types of impacted systems, but the disequilibrium remains (see also Section 1.1.1, Figure 1-1). The great majority of published studies attribute local to regional changes in affected systems to local to regional climate change. © Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2014.},
note = {cited By 76},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}